Runtime distributions (ECDFs) summary and function groups
Last dimension | Dimension = 2 | Next dimension
![](pprldmany_02D_noiselessall.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_1-separable_1-separable.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_1-separable_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_1-separable_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_1-separable_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_1-separable_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_2-moderate_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_2-moderate_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_2-moderate_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_2-moderate_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_3-ill-conditioned_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_3-ill-conditioned_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_3-ill-conditioned_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_4-multi-modal_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_4-multi-modal_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_02D_5-weakly-structured_5-weakly-structured.svg)
Previous dimension | Dimension = 3 | Next dimension
![](pprldmany_03D_noiselessall.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_1-separable_1-separable.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_1-separable_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_1-separable_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_1-separable_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_1-separable_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_2-moderate_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_2-moderate_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_2-moderate_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_2-moderate_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_3-ill-conditioned_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_3-ill-conditioned_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_3-ill-conditioned_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_4-multi-modal_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_4-multi-modal_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_03D_5-weakly-structured_5-weakly-structured.svg)
Previous dimension | Dimension = 5 | Next dimension
![](pprldmany_05D_noiselessall.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_1-separable_1-separable.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_1-separable_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_1-separable_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_1-separable_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_1-separable_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_2-moderate_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_2-moderate_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_2-moderate_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_2-moderate_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_3-ill-conditioned_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_3-ill-conditioned_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_3-ill-conditioned_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_4-multi-modal_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_4-multi-modal_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_05D_5-weakly-structured_5-weakly-structured.svg)
Previous dimension | Dimension = 10 | Next dimension
![](pprldmany_10D_noiselessall.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_1-separable_1-separable.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_1-separable_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_1-separable_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_1-separable_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_1-separable_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_2-moderate_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_2-moderate_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_2-moderate_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_2-moderate_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_3-ill-conditioned_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_3-ill-conditioned_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_3-ill-conditioned_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_4-multi-modal_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_4-multi-modal_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_10D_5-weakly-structured_5-weakly-structured.svg)
Previous dimension | Dimension = 20 | Next dimension
![](pprldmany_20D_noiselessall.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_1-separable_1-separable.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_1-separable_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_1-separable_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_1-separable_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_1-separable_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_2-moderate_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_2-moderate_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_2-moderate_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_2-moderate_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_3-ill-conditioned_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_3-ill-conditioned_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_3-ill-conditioned_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_4-multi-modal_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_4-multi-modal_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_20D_5-weakly-structured_5-weakly-structured.svg)
Previous dimension | Dimension = 40 | First dimension
![](pprldmany_40D_noiselessall.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_1-separable_1-separable.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_1-separable_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_1-separable_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_1-separable_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_1-separable_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_2-moderate_2-moderate.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_2-moderate_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_2-moderate_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_2-moderate_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_3-ill-conditioned_3-ill-conditioned.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_3-ill-conditioned_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_3-ill-conditioned_5-weakly-structured.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_4-multi-modal_4-multi-modal.svg)
![](pprldmany_40D_4-multi-modal_5-weakly-structured.svg)
Bootstrapped empirical cumulative distribution of the number of objective function evaluations divided by dimension (FEvals/DIM) for 58 targets with target precision in $\{−10^{−4}, −10^{−4.2}, $ $−10^{−4.4}, −10^{−4.6}, −10^{−4.8}, −10^{−5}, 0, 10^{−5}, 10^{−4.9}, 10^{−4.8}, \dots, 10^{−0.1}, 10^0\}$ for all functions and subgroups in different dimensions. As reference algorithm, the best algorithm from BBOB 2016 is shown as light thick line with diamond markers.